A Study of the Impact of Strength Training on Defensive Skill (Thigh Hold) in Kabaddi Game

Abstract

Background: The thigh hold is the most impactful defensive technique in modern kabaddi, yet no empirical study had previously investigated the effect of strength training on its execution. Strength and conditioning coaches hypothesize that lower body and core strength are essential physical prerequisites for effective thigh hold performance. Objective: This study aimed to (1) determine whether a structured strength training program improves thigh hold skill in kabaddi players, (2) compare thigh hold performance between a strength-trained experimental group and a regular-practice control group, and (3) assess changes in lower body strength after the intervention. Method: Thirty male university-level kabaddi players (age 18–25 years; Rajasthan University) were randomly assigned to an Experimental Group (n = 15; 6-week strength training + regular practice) or Control Group (n = 15; regular practice only). The 6-week protocol (3 sessions/week, 45–50 min) progressed through adaptation, strength building, power development, sport-specific, and peaking phases. Thigh hold skill was assessed using a standardized 5-trial test (maximum 10 points). Lower body strength was assessed via squat jump height. Paired t-test, ANCOVA, and Partial Eta Squared (ηp²) were used. Results: The Experimental Group improved mean thigh hold score from 4.87 to 8.34 (+71.3%; t = 14.85, p < 0.05). The Control Group showed only marginal change (4.93 to 5.33; +8.1%; t = 1.87, p > 0.05). ANCOVA confirmed a significant between-group difference (F = 58.76, p = 0.0001, ηp² = 0.68). Squat jump height increased by 5.6 cm (+19.7%; t = 6.34, p < 0.05) in the Experimental Group. Conclusion: A 6-week structured strength training program focusing on lower body and core musculature significantly improves thigh hold defensive skill in university-level kabaddi players, with a large effect size (ηp² = 0.68). All three research hypotheses were accepted.